The main risks
- Fake hotspots. Someone creates a network with a believable name like "Airport Free WiFi".
- Snooping. On open networks, unencrypted traffic can be seen by others.
- Login pages that ask too much. A captive portal asking for a password or card details is a red flag.
What helps
- Check the exact network name with staff.
- Use HTTPS sites and apps. Most modern apps already do.
- Avoid banking and payments on public Wi-Fi when you can. Use mobile data instead.
- Turn off auto-connect to open networks.
- Turn off Wi-Fi when you are not using it.
What not to worry about
Most apps and sites are encrypted, so casual snooping is far harder than it used to be. The bigger risk is a fake network or a phishing login page.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need a VPN on public Wi-Fi?
It can add protection, but only if you trust the VPN provider. Mobile data is often a simpler option for sensitive tasks.
Is hotel Wi-Fi safer than a cafe?
Not automatically. Treat both as networks you do not control.
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